[chaz/tar] / src / extract.c

/* Extract files from a tar archive.

   Copyright 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
   2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Written by John Gilmore, on 1985-11-19.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
   Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
   version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General
   Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */

#include "system.h"
#include <quotearg.h>

#if HAVE_UTIME_H
# include <utime.h>
#else
struct utimbuf
  {
    long actime;
    long modtime;
  };
#endif

#include "common.h"

int we_are_root;                /* true if our effective uid == 0 */
static mode_t newdir_umask;     /* umask when creating new directories */
static mode_t current_umask;    /* current umask (which is set to 0 if -p) */

/* Status of the permissions of a file that we are extracting.  */
enum permstatus
{
  /* This file may have existed already; its permissions are unknown.  */
  UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS,

  /* This file was created using the permissions from the archive.  */
  ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS,

  /* This is an intermediate directory; the archive did not specify
     its permissions.  */
  INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS
};

/* List of directories whose statuses we need to extract after we've
   finished extracting their subsidiary files.  The head of the list
   has the longest name; each non-head element in the list is an
   ancestor (in the directory hierarchy) of the preceding element.  */
struct delayed_set_stat
  {
    struct delayed_set_stat *next;
    struct stat stat_info;
    size_t file_name_len;
    mode_t invert_permissions;
    enum permstatus permstatus;
    char file_name[1];
  };

static struct delayed_set_stat *delayed_set_stat_head;

/* List of symbolic links whose creation we have delayed.  */
struct delayed_symlink
  {
    /* The next delayed symbolic link in the list.  */
    struct delayed_symlink *next;

    /* The device, inode number and last-modified time of the placeholder.  */
    dev_t dev;
    ino_t ino;
    time_t mtime;

    /* The desired owner and group of the symbolic link.  */
    uid_t uid;
    gid_t gid;

    /* A list of sources for this symlink.  The sources are all to be
       hard-linked together.  */
    struct string_list *sources;

    /* The desired target of the desired link.  */
    char target[1];
  };

static struct delayed_symlink *delayed_symlink_head;

struct string_list
  {
    struct string_list *next;
    char string[1];
  };

/*  Set up to extract files.  */
void
extr_init (void)
{
  we_are_root = geteuid () == 0;
  same_permissions_option += we_are_root;
  same_owner_option += we_are_root;
  xalloc_fail_func = extract_finish;

  /* Option -p clears the kernel umask, so it does not affect proper
     restoration of file permissions.  New intermediate directories will
     comply with umask at start of program.  */

  newdir_umask = umask (0);
  if (0 < same_permissions_option)
    current_umask = 0;
  else
    {
      umask (newdir_umask);     /* restore the kernel umask */
      current_umask = newdir_umask;
    }
}

/* If restoring permissions, restore the mode for FILE_NAME from
   information given in *STAT_INFO; otherwise invert the
   INVERT_PERMISSIONS bits from the file's current permissions.
   PERMSTATUS specifies the status of the file's permissions.
   TYPEFLAG specifies the type of the file.  */
static void
set_mode (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
          mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus,
          char typeflag)
{
  mode_t mode;

  if (0 < same_permissions_option
      && permstatus != INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS)
    {
      mode = stat_info->st_mode;

      /* If we created the file and it has a usual mode, then its mode
         is normally set correctly already.  But on many hosts, some
         directories inherit the setgid bits from their parents, so we
         we must set directories' modes explicitly.  */
      if (permstatus == ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS
          && ! (mode & ~ MODE_RWX)
          && typeflag != DIRTYPE
          && typeflag != GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR)
        return;
    }
  else if (! invert_permissions)
    return;
  else
    {
      /* We must inspect a directory's current permissions, since the
         directory may have inherited its setgid bit from its parent.

         INVERT_PERMISSIONS happens to be nonzero only for directories
         that we created, so there's no point optimizing this code for
         other cases.  */
      struct stat st;
      if (stat (file_name, &st) != 0)
        {
          stat_error (file_name);
          return;
        }
      mode = st.st_mode ^ invert_permissions;
    }

  if (chmod (file_name, mode) != 0)
    chmod_error_details (file_name, mode);
}

/* Check time after successfully setting FILE_NAME's time stamp to T.  */
static void
check_time (char const *file_name, time_t t)
{
  time_t now;
  if (start_time < t && (now = time (0)) < t)
    WARN ((0, 0, _("%s: time stamp %s is %lu s in the future"),
           file_name, tartime (t), (unsigned long) (t - now)));
}

/* Restore stat attributes (owner, group, mode and times) for
   FILE_NAME, using information given in *STAT_INFO.
   If not restoring permissions, invert the
   INVERT_PERMISSIONS bits from the file's current permissions.
   PERMSTATUS specifies the status of the file's permissions.
   TYPEFLAG specifies the type of the file.  */

/* FIXME: About proper restoration of symbolic link attributes, we still do
   not have it right.  Pretesters' reports tell us we need further study and
   probably more configuration.  For now, just use lchown if it exists, and
   punt for the rest.  Sigh!  */

static void
set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
          mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus,
          char typeflag)
{
  struct utimbuf utimbuf;

  if (typeflag != SYMTYPE)
    {
      /* We do the utime before the chmod because some versions of utime are
         broken and trash the modes of the file.  */

      if (! touch_option && permstatus != INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS)
        {
          /* We set the accessed time to `now', which is really the time we
             started extracting files, unless incremental_option is used, in
             which case .st_atime is used.  */

          /* FIXME: incremental_option should set ctime too, but how?  */

          if (incremental_option)
            utimbuf.actime = stat_info->st_atime;
          else
            utimbuf.actime = start_time;

          utimbuf.modtime = stat_info->st_mtime;

          if (utime (file_name, &utimbuf) < 0)
            utime_error (file_name);
          else
            {
              check_time (file_name, stat_info->st_atime);
              check_time (file_name, stat_info->st_mtime);
            }
        }

      /* Some systems allow non-root users to give files away.  Once this
         done, it is not possible anymore to change file permissions, so we
         have to set permissions prior to possibly giving files away.  */

      set_mode (file_name, stat_info,
                invert_permissions, permstatus, typeflag);
    }

  if (0 < same_owner_option && permstatus != INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS)
    {
      /* When lchown exists, it should be used to change the attributes of
         the symbolic link itself.  In this case, a mere chown would change
         the attributes of the file the symbolic link is pointing to, and
         should be avoided.  */

      if (typeflag == SYMTYPE)
        {
#if HAVE_LCHOWN
          if (lchown (file_name, stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid) < 0)
            chown_error_details (file_name,
                                 stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid);
#endif
        }
      else
        {
          if (chown (file_name, stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid) < 0)
            chown_error_details (file_name,
                                 stat_info->st_uid, stat_info->st_gid);

          /* On a few systems, and in particular, those allowing to give files
             away, changing the owner or group destroys the suid or sgid bits.
             So let's attempt setting these bits once more.  */
          if (stat_info->st_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX))
            set_mode (file_name, stat_info,
                      invert_permissions, permstatus, typeflag);
        }
    }
}

/* Remember to restore stat attributes (owner, group, mode and times)
   for the directory FILE_NAME, using information given in *STAT_INFO,
   once we stop extracting files into that directory.
   If not restoring permissions, remember to invert the
   INVERT_PERMISSIONS bits from the file's current permissions.
   PERMSTATUS specifies the status of the file's permissions.  */
static void
delay_set_stat (char const *file_name, struct stat const *stat_info,
                mode_t invert_permissions, enum permstatus permstatus)
{
  size_t file_name_len = strlen (file_name);
  struct delayed_set_stat *data =
    xmalloc (offsetof (struct delayed_set_stat, file_name) + file_name_len);
  data->file_name_len = file_name_len;
  strcpy (data->file_name, file_name);
  data->invert_permissions = invert_permissions;
  data->permstatus = permstatus;
  data->stat_info = *stat_info;
  data->next = delayed_set_stat_head;
  delayed_set_stat_head = data;
}

/* Update the delayed_set_stat info for an intermediate directory
   created on the path to DIR_NAME.  The intermediate directory turned
   out to be the same as this directory, e.g. due to ".." or symbolic
   links.  *DIR_STAT_INFO is the status of the directory.  */
static void
repair_delayed_set_stat (char const *dir_name,
                         struct stat const *dir_stat_info)
{
  struct delayed_set_stat *data;
  for (data = delayed_set_stat_head;  data;  data = data->next)
    {
      struct stat st;
      if (stat (data->file_name, &st) != 0)
        {
          stat_error (data->file_name);
          return;
        }

      if (st.st_dev == dir_stat_info->st_dev
          && st.st_ino == dir_stat_info->st_ino)
        {
          data->stat_info = current_stat;
          data->invert_permissions = (MODE_RWX
                                      & (current_stat.st_mode ^ st.st_mode));
          data->permstatus = ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS;
          return;
        }
    }

  ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Unexpected inconsistency when making directory"),
          quotearg_colon (dir_name)));
}

/* After a file/link/symlink/directory creation has failed, see if
   it's because some required directory was not present, and if so,
   create all required directories.  Return non-zero if a directory
   was created.  */
static int
make_directories (char *file_name)
{
  char *cursor0 = file_name + FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (file_name);
  char *cursor;                 /* points into path */
  int did_something = 0;        /* did we do anything yet? */
  int mode;
  int invert_permissions;
  int status;

  
  for (cursor = cursor0; *cursor; cursor++)
    {
      if (! ISSLASH (*cursor))
        continue;

      /* Avoid mkdir of empty string, if leading or double '/'.  */

      if (cursor == cursor0 || ISSLASH (cursor[-1]))
        continue;

      /* Avoid mkdir where last part of path is "." or "..".  */

      if (cursor[-1] == '.'
          && (cursor == cursor0 + 1 || ISSLASH (cursor[-2])
              || (cursor[-2] == '.'
                  && (cursor == cursor0 + 2 || ISSLASH (cursor[-3])))))
        continue;

      *cursor = '\0';           /* truncate the path there */
      mode = MODE_RWX & ~ newdir_umask;
      invert_permissions = we_are_root ? 0 : MODE_WXUSR & ~ mode;
      status = mkdir (file_name, mode ^ invert_permissions);

      if (status == 0)
        {
          /* Create a struct delayed_set_stat even if
             invert_permissions is zero, because
             repair_delayed_set_stat may need to update the struct.  */
          delay_set_stat (file_name,
                          &current_stat /* ignored */,
                          invert_permissions, INTERDIR_PERMSTATUS);

          print_for_mkdir (file_name, cursor - file_name, mode);
          did_something = 1;

          *cursor = '/';
          continue;
        }

      *cursor = '/';

      if (errno == EEXIST
#if MSDOS
          /* Turbo C mkdir gives a funny errno.  */
          || errno == EACCES
#endif
          )
        /* Directory already exists.  */
        continue;

      /* Some other error in the mkdir.  We return to the caller.  */
      break;
    }

  return did_something;         /* tell them to retry if we made one */
}

/* Prepare to extract a file.
   Return zero if extraction should not proceed.  */

static int
prepare_to_extract (char const *file_name)
{
  if (to_stdout_option)
    return 0;

  if (old_files_option == UNLINK_FIRST_OLD_FILES
      && !remove_any_file (file_name, recursive_unlink_option)
      && errno && errno != ENOENT)
    {
      unlink_error (file_name);
      return 0;
    }

  return 1;
}

/* Attempt repairing what went wrong with the extraction.  Delete an
   already existing file or create missing intermediate directories.
   Return nonzero if we somewhat increased our chances at a successful
   extraction.  errno is properly restored on zero return.  */
static int
maybe_recoverable (char *file_name, int *interdir_made)
{
  if (*interdir_made)
    return 0;

  switch (errno)
    {
    case EEXIST:
      /* Remove an old file, if the options allow this.  */

      switch (old_files_option)
        {
        default:
          return 0;

        case DEFAULT_OLD_FILES:
        case OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES:
          {
            int r = remove_any_file (file_name, 0);
            errno = EEXIST;
            return r;
          }
        }

    case ENOENT:
      /* Attempt creating missing intermediate directories.  */
      if (! make_directories (file_name))
        {
          errno = ENOENT;
          return 0;
        }
      *interdir_made = 1;
      return 1;

    default:
      /* Just say we can't do anything about it...  */

      return 0;
    }
}

static void
extract_sparse_file (int fd, off_t *sizeleft, off_t totalsize, char *name)
{
  int sparse_ind = 0;

  /* assuming sizeleft is initially totalsize */

  while (*sizeleft > 0)
    {
      size_t written;
      size_t count;
      union block *data_block = find_next_block ();
      if (! data_block)
        {
          ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
          return;
        }
      if (lseek (fd, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
        {
          seek_error_details (name, sparsearray[sparse_ind].offset);
          return;
        }
      written = sparsearray[sparse_ind++].numbytes;
      while (written > BLOCKSIZE)
        {
          count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, BLOCKSIZE);
          written -= count;
          *sizeleft -= count;
          if (count != BLOCKSIZE)
            {
              write_error_details (name, count, BLOCKSIZE);
              return;
            }
          set_next_block_after (data_block);
          data_block = find_next_block ();
          if (! data_block)
            {
              ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
              return;
            }
        }

      count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
      *sizeleft -= count;

      if (count != written)
        {
          write_error_details (name, count, written);
          return;
        }

      set_next_block_after (data_block);
    }
}

/* Fix the statuses of all directories whose statuses need fixing, and
   which are not ancestors of FILE_NAME.  */
static void
apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (char const *file_name)
{
  size_t file_name_len = strlen (file_name);

  while (delayed_set_stat_head)
    {
      struct delayed_set_stat *data = delayed_set_stat_head;
      if (data->file_name_len < file_name_len
          && file_name[data->file_name_len]
          && (ISSLASH (file_name[data->file_name_len])
              || ISSLASH (file_name[data->file_name_len - 1]))
          && memcmp (file_name, data->file_name, data->file_name_len) == 0)
        break;
      delayed_set_stat_head = data->next;
      set_stat (data->file_name, &data->stat_info,
                data->invert_permissions, data->permstatus, DIRTYPE);
      free (data);
    }
}

/* Extract a file from the archive.  */
void
extract_archive (void)
{
  union block *data_block;
  int fd;
  int status;
  size_t count;
  size_t name_length;
  size_t written;
  int openflag;
  mode_t mode;
  off_t size;
  size_t skipcrud;
  int counter;
  int interdir_made = 0;
  char typeflag;
  union block *exhdr;

#define CURRENT_FILE_NAME (skipcrud + current_file_name)

  set_next_block_after (current_header);
  decode_header (current_header, &current_stat, &current_format, 1);

  if (interactive_option && !confirm ("extract", current_file_name))
    {
      skip_member ();
      return;
    }

  /* Print the block from current_header and current_stat.  */

  if (verbose_option)
    print_header ();

  /* Check for fully specified file names and other atrocities.  */

  skipcrud = 0;
  if (! absolute_names_option)
    {
      if (contains_dot_dot (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        {
          ERROR ((0, 0, _("%s: Member name contains `..'"),
                  quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME)));
          skip_member ();
          return;
        }

      skipcrud = FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (current_file_name);
      while (ISSLASH (CURRENT_FILE_NAME[0]))
        skipcrud++;

      if (skipcrud)
        {
          static int warned_once;
          
          if (!warned_once)
            {
              warned_once = 1;
              WARN ((0, 0, _("Removing leading `%.*s' from member names"),
                     (int) skipcrud, current_file_name));
            }
        }
    }

  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);

  /* Take a safety backup of a previously existing file.  */

  if (backup_option && !to_stdout_option)
    if (!maybe_backup_file (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, 0))
      {
        int e = errno;
        ERROR ((0, e, _("%s: Was unable to backup this file"),
                quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME)));
        skip_member ();
        return;
      }

  /* Extract the archive entry according to its type.  */

  typeflag = current_header->header.typeflag;
  switch (typeflag)
    {
      /* JK - What we want to do if the file is sparse is loop through
         the array of sparse structures in the header and read in and
         translate the character strings representing 1) the offset at
         which to write and 2) how many bytes to write into numbers,
         which we store into the scratch array, "sparsearray".  This
         array makes our life easier the same way it did in creating the
         tar file that had to deal with a sparse file.

         After we read in the first five (at most) sparse structures, we
         check to see if the file has an extended header, i.e., if more
         sparse structures are needed to describe the contents of the new
         file.  If so, we read in the extended headers and continue to
         store their contents into the sparsearray.  */

    case GNUTYPE_SPARSE:
      sp_array_size = 10;
      sparsearray =
        xmalloc (sp_array_size * sizeof (struct sp_array));

      for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER; counter++)
        {
          struct sparse const *s = &current_header->oldgnu_header.sp[counter];
          sparsearray[counter].offset = OFF_FROM_HEADER (s->offset);
          sparsearray[counter].numbytes = SIZE_FROM_HEADER (s->numbytes);
          if (!sparsearray[counter].numbytes)
            break;
        }

      if (current_header->oldgnu_header.isextended)
        {
          /* Read in the list of extended headers and translate them
             into the sparsearray as before.  Note that this
             invalidates current_header.  */

          /* static */ int ind = SPARSES_IN_OLDGNU_HEADER;

          while (1)
            {
              exhdr = find_next_block ();
              if (! exhdr)
                {
                  ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
                  return;
                }
              for (counter = 0; counter < SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER; counter++)
                {
                  struct sparse const *s = &exhdr->sparse_header.sp[counter];
                  if (counter + ind > sp_array_size - 1)
                    {
                      /* Realloc the scratch area since we've run out of
                         room.  */

                      sp_array_size *= 2;
                      sparsearray =
                        xrealloc (sparsearray,
                                  sp_array_size * sizeof (struct sp_array));
                    }
                  if (s->numbytes[0] == 0)
                    break;
                  sparsearray[counter + ind].offset =
                    OFF_FROM_HEADER (s->offset);
                  sparsearray[counter + ind].numbytes =
                    SIZE_FROM_HEADER (s->numbytes);
                }
              if (!exhdr->sparse_header.isextended)
                break;
              else
                {
                  ind += SPARSES_IN_SPARSE_HEADER;
                  set_next_block_after (exhdr);
                }
            }
          set_next_block_after (exhdr);
        }
      /* Fall through.  */

    case AREGTYPE:
    case REGTYPE:
    case CONTTYPE:

      /* Appears to be a file.  But BSD tar uses the convention that a slash
         suffix means a directory.  */

      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
      if (FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) < name_length
          && CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length - 1] == '/')
        goto really_dir;

      /* FIXME: deal with protection issues.  */

    again_file:
      openflag = (O_WRONLY | O_BINARY | O_CREAT
                  | (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES
                     ? O_TRUNC
                     : O_EXCL));
      mode = current_stat.st_mode & MODE_RWX & ~ current_umask;

      if (to_stdout_option)
        {
          fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
          goto extract_file;
        }

      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        {
          skip_member ();
          if (backup_option)
            undo_last_backup ();
          break;
        }

#if O_CTG
      /* Contiguous files (on the Masscomp) have to specify the size in
         the open call that creates them.  */

      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
        fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag | O_CTG,
                   mode, current_stat.st_size);
      else
        fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, mode);

#else /* not O_CTG */
      if (typeflag == CONTTYPE)
        {
          static int conttype_diagnosed;

          if (!conttype_diagnosed)
            {
              conttype_diagnosed = 1;
              WARN ((0, 0, _("Extracting contiguous files as regular files")));
            }
        }
      fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, openflag, mode);

#endif /* not O_CTG */

      if (fd < 0)
        {
          if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
            goto again_file;

          open_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          skip_member ();
          if (backup_option)
            undo_last_backup ();
          break;
        }

    extract_file:
      if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_SPARSE)
        {
          char *name;
          size_t name_length_bis;

          /* Kludge alert.  NAME is assigned to header.name because
             during the extraction, the space that contains the header
             will get scribbled on, and the name will get munged, so any
             error messages that happen to contain the filename will look
             REAL interesting unless we do this.  */

          name_length_bis = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) + 1;
          name = xmalloc (name_length_bis);
          memcpy (name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME, name_length_bis);
          size = current_stat.st_size;
          extract_sparse_file (fd, &size, current_stat.st_size, name);
          free (sparsearray);
        }
      else
        for (size = current_stat.st_size; size > 0; )
          {
            if (multi_volume_option)
              {
                assign_string (&save_name, current_file_name);
                save_totsize = current_stat.st_size;
                save_sizeleft = size;
              }

            /* Locate data, determine max length writeable, write it,
               block that we have used the data, then check if the write
               worked.  */

            data_block = find_next_block ();
            if (! data_block)
              {
                ERROR ((0, 0, _("Unexpected EOF in archive")));
                break;          /* FIXME: What happens, then?  */
              }

            written = available_space_after (data_block);

            if (written > size)
              written = size;
            errno = 0;
            count = full_write (fd, data_block->buffer, written);
            size -= count;

            set_next_block_after ((union block *)
                                  (data_block->buffer + written - 1));
            if (count != written)
              {
                write_error_details (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, count, written);
                break;
              }
          }

      skip_file (size);

      if (multi_volume_option)
        assign_string (&save_name, 0);

      /* If writing to stdout, don't try to do anything to the filename;
         it doesn't exist, or we don't want to touch it anyway.  */

      if (to_stdout_option)
        break;

      status = close (fd);
      if (status < 0)
        {
          close_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          if (backup_option)
            undo_last_backup ();
        }

      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
                (old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES
                 ? UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS
                 : ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS),
                typeflag);
      break;

    case SYMTYPE:
#ifdef HAVE_SYMLINK
      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        break;

      if (absolute_names_option
          || ! (ISSLASH (current_link_name
                         [FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (current_link_name)])
                || contains_dot_dot (current_link_name)))
        {
          while (status = symlink (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME),
                 status != 0)
            if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
              break;

          if (status == 0)
            set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
          else
            symlink_error (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
        }
      else
        {
          /* This symbolic link is potentially dangerous.  Don't
             create it now; instead, create a placeholder file, which
             will be replaced after other extraction is done.  */
          struct stat st;

          while (fd = open (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0),
                 fd < 0)
            if (! maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
              break;

          status = -1;
          if (fd < 0)
            open_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          else if (fstat (fd, &st) != 0)
            {
              stat_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
              close (fd);
            }
          else if (close (fd) != 0)
            close_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          else
            {
              size_t filelen = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
              size_t linklen = strlen (current_link_name);
              struct delayed_symlink *p =
                xmalloc (offsetof (struct delayed_symlink, target)
                         + linklen + 1);
              p->next = delayed_symlink_head;
              delayed_symlink_head = p;
              p->dev = st.st_dev;
              p->ino = st.st_ino;
              p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
              p->uid = current_stat.st_uid;
              p->gid = current_stat.st_gid;
              p->sources = xmalloc (offsetof (struct string_list, string)
                                    + filelen + 1);
              p->sources->next = 0;
              memcpy (p->sources->string, CURRENT_FILE_NAME, filelen + 1);
              memcpy (p->target, current_link_name, linklen + 1);
              status = 0;
            }
        }
  
      if (status != 0 && backup_option)
        undo_last_backup ();
      break;

#else
      {
        static int warned_once;

        if (!warned_once)
          {
            warned_once = 1;
            WARN ((0, 0,
                   _("Attempting extraction of symbolic links as hard links")));
          }
      }
      typeflag = LNKTYPE;
      /* Fall through.  */
#endif

    case LNKTYPE:
      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        break;

    again_link:
      {
        struct stat st1, st2;
        int e;

        /* MSDOS does not implement links.  However, djgpp's link() actually
           copies the file.  */
        status = link (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);

        if (status == 0)
          {
            struct delayed_symlink *ds = delayed_symlink_head;
            if (ds && stat (current_link_name, &st1) == 0)
              for (; ds; ds = ds->next)
                if (ds->dev == st1.st_dev
                    && ds->ino == st1.st_ino
                    && ds->mtime == st1.st_mtime)
                  {
                    struct string_list *p = 
                      xmalloc (offsetof (struct string_list, string)
                               + strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) + 1);
                    strcpy (p->string, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
                    p->next = ds->sources;
                    ds->sources = p;
                    break;
                  }
            break;
          }
        if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
          goto again_link;

        if (incremental_option && errno == EEXIST)
          break;
        e = errno;
        if (stat (current_link_name, &st1) == 0
            && stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st2) == 0
            && st1.st_dev == st2.st_dev
            && st1.st_ino == st2.st_ino)
          break;

        link_error (current_link_name, CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
        if (backup_option)
          undo_last_backup ();
      }
      break;

#if S_IFCHR
    case CHRTYPE:
      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFCHR;
      goto make_node;
#endif

#if S_IFBLK
    case BLKTYPE:
      current_stat.st_mode |= S_IFBLK;
#endif

#if S_IFCHR || S_IFBLK
    make_node:
      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        break;

      status = mknod (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode,
                      current_stat.st_rdev);
      if (status != 0)
        {
          if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
            goto make_node;
          mknod_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          if (backup_option)
            undo_last_backup ();
          break;
        };
      set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
                ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
      break;
#endif

#if HAVE_MKFIFO || defined mkfifo
    case FIFOTYPE:
      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        break;

      while (status = mkfifo (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, current_stat.st_mode),
             status != 0)
        if (!maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
          break;

      if (status == 0)
        set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat, 0,
                  ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS, typeflag);
      else
        {
          mkfifo_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
          if (backup_option)
            undo_last_backup ();
        }
      break;
#endif

    case DIRTYPE:
    case GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR:
      name_length = strlen (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);

    really_dir:
      /* Remove any redundant trailing "/"s.  */
      while (FILESYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN (CURRENT_FILE_NAME) < name_length
             && CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length - 1] == '/')
        name_length--;
      CURRENT_FILE_NAME[name_length] = '\0';

      if (incremental_option)
        {
          /* Read the entry and delete files that aren't listed in the
             archive.  */

          gnu_restore (skipcrud);
        }
      else if (typeflag == GNUTYPE_DUMPDIR)
        skip_member ();

      if (! prepare_to_extract (CURRENT_FILE_NAME))
        break;

      mode = ((current_stat.st_mode
               | (we_are_root ? 0 : MODE_WXUSR))
              & MODE_RWX);

    again_dir:
      status = mkdir (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, mode);

      if (status != 0)
        {
          if (errno == EEXIST
              && (interdir_made || old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES))
            {
              struct stat st;
              if (stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st) == 0)
                {
                  if (interdir_made)
                    {
                      repair_delayed_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &st);
                      break;
                    }
                  if (S_ISDIR (st.st_mode))
                    {
                      mode = st.st_mode & ~ current_umask;
                      goto directory_exists;
                    }
                }
              errno = EEXIST;
            }
        
          if (maybe_recoverable (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &interdir_made))
            goto again_dir;

          if (errno != EEXIST)
            {
              mkdir_error (CURRENT_FILE_NAME);
              if (backup_option)
                undo_last_backup ();
              break;
            }
        }

    directory_exists:
      if (status == 0
          || old_files_option == OVERWRITE_OLD_FILES)
        delay_set_stat (CURRENT_FILE_NAME, &current_stat,
                        MODE_RWX & (mode ^ current_stat.st_mode),
                        (status == 0
                         ? ARCHIVED_PERMSTATUS
                         : UNKNOWN_PERMSTATUS));
      break;

    case GNUTYPE_VOLHDR:
      if (verbose_option)
        fprintf (stdlis, _("Reading %s\n"), quote (current_file_name));
      break;

    case GNUTYPE_NAMES:
      extract_mangle ();
      break;

    case GNUTYPE_MULTIVOL:
      ERROR ((0, 0,
              _("%s: Cannot extract -- file is continued from another volume"),
              quotearg_colon (current_file_name)));
      skip_member ();
      if (backup_option)
        undo_last_backup ();
      break;

    case GNUTYPE_LONGNAME:
    case GNUTYPE_LONGLINK:
      ERROR ((0, 0, _("Visible long name error")));
      skip_member ();
      if (backup_option)
        undo_last_backup ();
      break;

    default:
      WARN ((0, 0,
             _("%s: Unknown file type '%c', extracted as normal file"),
             quotearg_colon (CURRENT_FILE_NAME), typeflag));
      goto again_file;
    }

#undef CURRENT_FILE_NAME
}

/* Extract the symbolic links whose final extraction were delayed.  */
static void
apply_delayed_symlinks (void)
{
  struct delayed_symlink *ds;

  for (ds = delayed_symlink_head; ds; )
    {
      struct string_list *sources = ds->sources;
      char const *valid_source = 0;

      for (sources = ds->sources; sources; sources = sources->next)
        {
          char const *source = sources->string;
          struct stat st;

          /* Make sure the placeholder file is still there.  If not,
             don't create a symlink, as the placeholder was probably
             removed by a later extraction.  */
          if (lstat (source, &st) == 0
              && st.st_dev == ds->dev
              && st.st_ino == ds->ino
              && st.st_mtime == ds->mtime)
            {
              /* Unlink the placeholder, then create a hard link if possible,
                 a symbolic link otherwise.  */
              if (unlink (source) != 0)
                unlink_error (source);
              else if (valid_source && link (valid_source, source) == 0)
                ;
              else if (symlink (ds->target, source) != 0)
                symlink_error (ds->target, source);
              else
                {
                  valid_source = source;
                  st.st_uid = ds->uid;
                  st.st_gid = ds->gid;
                  set_stat (source, &st, 0, 0, SYMTYPE);
                }
            }
        }

      for (sources = ds->sources; sources; )
        {
          struct string_list *next = sources->next;
          free (sources);
          sources = next;
        }

      {
        struct delayed_symlink *next = ds->next;
        free (ds);
        ds = next;
      }
    }

  delayed_symlink_head = 0;
}

/* Finish the extraction of an archive.  */
void
extract_finish (void)
{
  /* Apply delayed symlinks last, so that they don't affect
     delayed directory status-setting.  */
  apply_nonancestor_delayed_set_stat ("");
  apply_delayed_symlinks ();
}

void
fatal_exit (void)
{
  extract_finish ();
  error (TAREXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("Error is not recoverable: exiting now"));
  abort ();
}